Why is that disabled by default? Workaround is to set this env var: JSC_useSharedArrayBuffer=true
Just reading the code I wonder if m_crossOriginMode == CrossOriginMode::Isolated in WebProcessProxy...
I think the feature is disabled by default. When enabled, it will be available when m_crossOriginMode == CrossOriginMode::Isolated, as you mention. This will force the creation of a new webprocess in isolated mode, where the feature is available.
Usage of SharedArrayBuffer was disabled in bug #212069 due to Spectre/Meltdown, then re-enabled in bug #229559 if COOP/COEP headers are being used (to keep cross-site isolation, so one site does not snoop on data from another). I only skimmed very quickly but it looks like the patch for the latter is only enabling the support for Mac/Cocoa depending on a setting.